Republic of Ghana · Environmental Protection AuthorityPublished data snapshot · 23 July 2026
Ghana NDC 1.2 · NDC 2.0Climate action evidence platform

Ghana’s national climate-action evidence platform

Ghana’s climate pathway to 2035: resilient development, lower emissions.

See how the 37.9% target for 2030 and 50% target for 2035 connect to five thematic pillars, 33 Policy Actions and 121 Programmes of Action.

See the headline targets Explore the NDC hierarchy
33 national policy directions across the portfolio Policy Actions
121 ID-level programmes prepared for delivery POA records
14 13 sectors and one cross-cutting grouping Sectors + cross-cutting
21 development outcomes connecting climate action to people and the economy Socio-economic outcomes

Headline commitment

One national pathway, two target years.

Ghana’s NDC uses single-year targets against a business-as-usual reference. The 2030 and 2035 commitments combine domestic action with higher-ambition measures that depend on international finance, technology and capacity support.

2026–2035implementation period · mid-term review in 2030

NDC 1.2 · 2030

37.9%

below the 2030 business-as-usual pathway

Mitigation target
32.6 MtCO₂e net mitigation
Reference pathway
86.3 MtCO₂e BAU emissions
Ambition tiers
Tier 1: 19.2% · Tier 2: 17.1% · Tier 3: 1.6%

NDC 2.0 · 2035

50.0%

below the 2035 business-as-usual pathway

Mitigation target
80.9 MtCO₂e net mitigation
Reference pathway
161.7 MtCO₂e BAU emissions
Ambition tiers
Tier 1: 24.8% · Tier 2: 20.7% · Tier 3: 4.6%
US$62.5bnestimated investment need, 2025–2035
1.5m+decent and green jobs
4.4mend-users benefiting each year
1.3m haforest restored or protected

Five connected pillars

How Ghana’s NDC turns ambition into a development programme.

Each pillar brings together sectors, Policy Actions and POAs. The mitigation figures reproduce the policy brief’s published cumulative potential for each delivery period; adaptation figures include quantified mitigation co-benefits.

0112 PAs · 38 POAs

Energy transition

Cleaner power, modern energy access and efficient demand.

Build a reliable, cleaner energy system through modern cooking, efficiency, renewable power, grid storage, lower-emission thermal generation, distributed access and emerging fuels.

15.2 MtCO₂e
2026–2030 51.4 MtCO₂e
2031–2035 3
sector groupings
Trace this pillar through the hierarchy ↓
024 PAs · 7 POAs

Sustainable transport and infrastructure

Move people and goods with less congestion, pollution and carbon.

Shift passengers and freight toward rail and mass transit, accelerate electric mobility and align transport investment with the cleaner power system needed to sustain it.

3.2 MtCO₂e
2026–2030 12.2 MtCO₂e
2031–2035 1
sector groupings
Trace this pillar through the hierarchy ↓
035 PAs · 19 POAs

Circular economy for industry and waste

Use resources longer and turn waste into value.

Improve industrial efficiency, tackle hard-to-abate production and fugitive emissions, expand waste collection and recovery, and turn wastewater, sludge and discarded materials into productive resources.

6.2 MtCO₂e
2026–2030 16.7 MtCO₂e
2031–2035 4
sector groupings
Trace this pillar through the hierarchy ↓
047 PAs · 22 POAs

Nature-based solutions and removals

Let landscapes, livelihoods and removals reinforce one another.

Protect and restore forests, farms, shea landscapes and mangroves while scaling climate-smart agriculture, REDD+ and emerging removals such as biochar, enhanced rock weathering and CCUS.

45.2 MtCO₂e
2026–2030 102.3 MtCO₂e
2031–2035 2
sector groupings
Trace this pillar through the hierarchy ↓
059 PAs · 35 POAs

Adaptation and resilience

Reduce risk before climate shocks become development losses.

Protect people, water, coasts, health and livelihoods through climate services, early warning, disaster-risk management, resilient infrastructure and gender-responsive social protection.

5.5 MtCO₂e
2026–2030 11.8 MtCO₂e
2031–2035 8
sector groupings
Trace this pillar through the hierarchy ↓

NDC delivery hierarchy

From the SDGs to programmes on the ground.

Open a pillar to follow the chain: SDG-linked development outcomes → thematic pillar → sector → Policy Action → Programme of Action.

SDGs→5 pillars→13 sectors + cross-cutting→33 PAs→121 POAs
How to read the SDG layer. The NDC document positions development, poverty alleviation and climate protection as its policy spine and the NDC as a vehicle for domestic SDG implementation. The goal badges below are an indicative pillar-level navigation aid; they are not presented as a source field or a validated POA-level SDG score.
01 Energy transition12 Policy Actions · 38 Programmes of Action · 3 sector groupings Open hierarchy

SDG-linked development frame

Cleaner power, modern energy access and efficient demand.

3Good health 7Clean energy 8Decent work 9Industry & infrastructure 13Climate action
Cross-cutting2 PAs · 2 POAsView sector
PA27Bioenergy solution for cooking1 POAs
PA29Green cooling Appliances1 POAs
Energy9 PAs · 33 POAsView sector
PA1Scale-up the adoption of market-based cleaner cooking solutions7 POAs
PA2Sustainable charcoal production1 POAs
PA3Promoting energy efficiency in electrical appliances8 POAs
PA4Nuclear power for economic development1 POAs
PA5Green hydrogen for economic diversification1 POAs
PA6Battery energy storage systems for grid improvement1 POAs
PA7Promotion of biomass technologies1 POAs
PA8Scale up new renewable energ penetration by 10% by 20307 POAs
PA9Low carbon electricity supply6 POAs
Oil & gas1 PAs · 3 POAsView sector
PA26Decarbonise oil and gas production in Ghana3 POAs
02 Sustainable transport and infrastructure4 Policy Actions · 7 Programmes of Action · 1 sector groupings Open hierarchy

SDG-linked development frame

Move people and goods with less congestion, pollution and carbon.

3Good health 9Industry & infrastructure 11Sustainable cities 13Climate action
Transport4 PAs · 7 POAsView sector
PA10Shift from freight road transport to public railway system1 POAs
PA11Expansion of inter-and-intra-city transportation modes1 POAs
PA12Promotion of public & private electric vehicles4 POAs
PA13Public light trains system1 POAs
03 Circular economy for industry and waste5 Policy Actions · 19 Programmes of Action · 4 sector groupings Open hierarchy

SDG-linked development frame

Use resources longer and turn waste into value.

6Clean water 8Decent work 9Industry & infrastructure 11Sustainable cities 12Responsible consumption 13Climate action
Cross-cutting2 PAs · 6 POAsView sector
PA30Establish the VEC as a net-zero-aligned, climate-resilient economic corridor5 POAs
PA32Promoting water purification in vulnerable communities1 POAs
Industry1 PAs · 3 POAsView sector
PA22Sustainable production in Industry3 POAs
Sanitation1 PAs · 2 POAsView sector
PA18Resilient and climate responsive sanitation2 POAs
Waste1 PAs · 8 POAsView sector
PA15Adopting alternative waste management8 POAs
04 Nature-based solutions and removals7 Policy Actions · 22 Programmes of Action · 2 sector groupings Open hierarchy

SDG-linked development frame

Let landscapes, livelihoods and removals reinforce one another.

1No poverty 2Zero hunger 8Decent work 13Climate action 14Life below water 15Life on land
Cross-cutting4 PAs · 6 POAsView sector
PA25Unlocking Carbon Dioxide Removal Opportunities3 POAs
PA28City-wide resilient infrastructure planning1 POAs
PA30Establish the VEC as a net-zero-aligned, climate-resilient economic corridor1 POAs
PA31Scaling agroforestry development across landscapes1 POAs
Forestry3 PAs · 16 POAsView sector
PA19Forest Conservation10 POAs
PA21Build a climate resilient health system1 POAs
PA20Promote sustainable forest management and forest landscape restoration5 POAs
05 Adaptation and resilience9 Policy Actions · 35 Programmes of Action · 8 sector groupings Open hierarchy

SDG-linked development frame

Reduce risk before climate shocks become development losses.

1No poverty 2Zero hunger 3Good health 5Gender equality 6Clean water 11Sustainable cities 13Climate action
Agriculture1 PAs · 12 POAsView sector
PA14Building resilience in vulnerable landscapes12 POAs
Communication1 PAs · 1 POAsView sector
PA23Early warning and disaster risk management1 POAs
Cross-cutting2 PAs · 3 POAsView sector
PA30Establish the VEC as a net-zero-aligned, climate-resilient economic corridor2 POAs
PA33Expanding fisheries and aquaculture1 POAs
Gender and social protection1 PAs · 1 POAsView sector
PA24Gender and the vulnerable1 POAs
Health1 PAs · 8 POAsView sector
PA21Build a climate resilient health system8 POAs
Interior1 PAs · 3 POAsView sector
PA23Early warning and disaster risk management3 POAs
Sanitation1 PAs · 1 POAsView sector
PA18Resilient and climate responsive sanitation1 POAs
Water2 PAs · 6 POAsView sector
PA16Climate-proof water sector5 POAs
PA17Ensuring supply of Safe drinking water1 POAs
Record and hierarchy reconciliation. The main NDC document and the controlled platform register identify 121 POA records. The policy brief summarises 118 POAs. This platform retains all 121 unique POA identifiers and flags the difference rather than silently dropping records. 3 PA codes contain POAs assigned to more than one pillar, so pillar-level PA figures are memberships while the national total remains 33 unique PA codes.

How the NDC was prepared

A government-led, whole-of-Ghana process.

The preparation combined national diagnosis, technical analysis, stakeholder participation, transparency requirements and high-level decision-making.

  1. 01

    National launch and work plan

    The Minister responsible for the Environment formally launched the 2025 process, supported by a six-point activity plan and a government-led institutional arrangement.

  2. 02

    Stocktake and diagnosis

    Ghana reviewed NDC 1.2 implementation, assessed progress and constraints, and identified priority investments and lessons for the next delivery periods.

  3. 03

    Evidence and analysis

    Technical teams used the best available national and international data to assess mitigation, adaptation, investment, technology, socio-economic, gender and implementation implications.

  4. 04

    Whole-of-Ghana consultation

    MDAs, local institutions, private-sector actors, civil society and other stakeholders were engaged to test priorities, strengthen ownership and improve implementability.

  5. 05

    Compilation and transparency review

    The evidence and consultation results were compiled into the NDC structure and the information required by Annex I of Decision 4/CMA.1 for clarity, transparency and understanding.

  6. 06

    High-level approval and submission

    The draft and its socio-economic and political assessment supported high-level engagement, Cabinet consideration, official publication and submission to the UNFCCC.

Explore the evidence

Go directly to the task you need to complete.

Each portal answers a different implementation question while drawing from the same governed data.

POA portfolio

Search, filter and compare every programme translating a Policy Action into delivery.

Open portal →

Implementation & progress

Compare baselines, targets and reported actuals, then identify where follow-up is needed.

Open portal →

Technology interactions

See how technologies connect programmes, sectors and delivery systems.

Open portal →

Article 6 qualification

Screen candidates using the approved source fields, including Column V and W filters.

Open portal →

PA–POA linkages

Trace enabling relationships, synergies, dependencies and possible overlaps.

Open portal →

Themes, risks & trade

Understand social, economic, fiscal, trade and just-transition implications.

Open portal →

Benefits & investment

Connect financing needs to livelihoods, resilience, inclusion and competitiveness.

Open portal →

Why this exists

Evidence should help people act—not make them search through disconnected files.

This platform is maintained by the Environmental Protection Authority to help negotiators, MDAs, investors, researchers and citizens follow Ghana’s climate commitments from national ambition through implementation and reporting.

Who this is for

Policymakers
See delivery gaps and cross-sector dependencies.

Implementers
Enter progress evidence and prepare records for review.

Investors and partners
Understand needs, readiness and expected benefits.

Researchers and the public
Trace published records back to their source snapshot.